CATATAN 33 TAHUN

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Phonology in Second Language

This article explains the association between phonology and the second language acquisition. It is an important issue because, in phonology, difficulties are found in pronouncing words for some people who learn language as a second language. These are because of the second language learned has different rules from the first one, however, the interchange of words happens in the languages involved.
All languages have syntactic, vocabulary, and prononciation systems distinct. Besides, there are another important factors facilitates the phonological success in second language acquisition, such as language ego dan the age of the learners. Exceeding maturity, the ability to acquire his/her second language and forth will decrease, and the longer the exceeding maturity the more difficult the phonological success. In fact, the adults tend to look at someone uses the same language.
The second language practice will be much more easier if both languages, the first and the second, have the same characteristic in syntactic, vocabulary, and phonology. The word sounds problem is the typical ones, since every language has their own vocal systems distinct and the fact that not all of word sounds can be write down into alphabetic system.

Keywords: Phonology in second language
by: Sigit Prawoto (French Department UNIBRAW)

Penerjemahan Bentuk Negasi Informal dalam Novel “The Adventure of Huckleberry Finn” Karya Mark Twain

This paper aimed to know some specific features of negation as a dialect used by Tom Sawyer Mark Twain’s The Adventure of Huckleberry Finn and to describe translation of negation as informal sentences in Mark Twain’s The Adventure of Huckleberry Finn. The negations that are used by Tom Sawyer are obvious as nonstandard English. It will be interesting because Tom Sawyer’s specific negations are the negations that are typically American, and those are still used until nowadays.

The writer will not conduct any research in pronunciation because the pronunciation of every one can be different, but it analyze how this informal and the negation translated into Indonesian. The negation is a very common feature of the spoken nonstandard English. The writer will collect the data in Mark Twain’s novel The Adventure of Huckleberry Finn and its Indonesian translation as the main source for the analysis. There are 174 speeches as the data that is uttered by Tom Sawyer. The informal negation feature divided into four groups as stated in data analyzing, they are the use of ain’t, the use of hain’t, the use of warn’t, and the use of double negation. After analyze Tom Sawyer’s dialect feature in negative contraction and how to translate of it into Indonesian, it is concluded that there are many in equivalent meaning from the Indonesian book of Mark Twain’s The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn because many of utterance not translated to in standard form of negation Indonesian. So it can conclude that translator must consider to form of source language if they want make the translation more equivalent.

mencoba

ketika gemulai hari indahkan jiwa untuk berolahrasa, terbuai raga dalam indahnya
ketika senandung hari membuai jiwa tuk berolahnada, semarak raga dalam alunannya
ketika Semburat jingga mewarnai jiwa tuk berolahwarna, ceria raga dalam pesonanya

semoga jiwa dan raga berguru dalam khidmat sang Kuasa.........